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A road accident in which the Crown Prince was killed occurred however, causing the King to suffer from a heart attack on the 20th of January.

The Berliner Parliament of 1831 was a short lived parliament formed by liberal agitators with the intent of establishing a Constitution for Prussia.​īy now, the situation had become increasingly unstable in Berlin and Crown Prince Frederick William was sent onto the streets to calm down the Berlin citizenry. The Berlin Declaration directly led to the spread of the revolution to the heart of Prussia, as liberal agitators organized themselves and started gathering in one of Berlin’s theatres to form a parliament. People did not forget the promise Frederick William made during the Napoleonic wars to step away from absolutism and turn Prussia into a constitutional monarchy. It sparked outrage among conservatives because it called for the creation of a Constitution. The Berlin Declaration of 1831 was an anonymous document released as a pamphlet in the government quarters of Berlin. In January of 1831, this culminated in the Berlin Declaration. As Berlin was increasingly losing control of the rich industrial Rhineland, many within the middle class started to wonder whether or not the government was capable of handling the situation. In the meantime, liberal forces in Berlin increased their pressure on King Frederick William III. The success of the government in Brussels caused the revolutionaries in the Rhineland to increase their efforts and further escalated the situation. The Polish Revolution would occupy the Russians for several years.​ As a result, Belgian independence was recognized and the Republic of Belgium was established. Both the Russian Tsar and the Prussian King had their hands full with internal rebellions and could not send military support to the Dutch, the Holy Alliance had crumbled. The Dutch King, hoping to gain support from Prussia and Russia for his cause, only met reluctance. An international conference was called together in London to decide the fate of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Left with an indecisive Cabinet, the King took matters into his own hands and pulled back troops from the Rhineland to reinforce the border with Russian Poland.īy December, the situation in Belgium had escalated to such an extent that the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland intervened. However, political infighting soon ensued and the Cabinet was quickly torn between those who wanted to increase measures against the Polish and those who wanted to reinforce the Rhineland. And so the King did what most Kings would do in that situation, he tasked his Cabinet with finding a solution. The King was now torn between reinforcing the Rhineland or preventing the Polish from rising up in Eastern Prussia. The situation only worsened in October when a rebellion broke out in Russian Poland, threatening to spill over into Prussia as well. Soldiers who were ordered to fire upon the unruly peasants in Aachen simply laid down their arms and joined their fellow Germans in their call for reform. Things only got worse, however, as a mutiny broke out by the end of September of 1830. While the Belgian nationalists dealt a devastating blow to the Dutch armies in Brussels, the Prussian King had his hands full with dealing with the Rhineland insurrection. A plot soon began to form in Prussia’s highest ranks…Įpisode of the Belgian Revolution of 1830, Gustaf Wappers (1834)​ This tradition fostered a culture of debate and criticism, which was deeply rooted in Prussia and went back to philosophers such as Immanuel Kant.

While the reactionary movement might have silenced the reformers in public, many liberals still held secret meetings to discuss their opinions on the matters of state. Following the Decrees, notable reformers such as von Humboldt and von Beyme were sacked as ministers and replaced by more conservative figures. The Decrees imposed reactionary restrictions, including banning nationalist fraternities ("Burschenschaften"), removing liberal university professors and expanding the censorship of the press. When the Russian envoy, August von Kotzebue, was killed by a radical student, the governments of the German Confederation responded with the Carlsbad Decrees. In Prussia itself, the reform movements came to a halt in 1819. This included countering any liberal movements that sought to undermine the authority of the absolute monarchy.

In the aftermath of Napoleon’s defeat, King Frederick William III formed the Holy Alliance with the Emperor of Austria and the Tsar of Russia to ensure peace and stability on the European continent.